Posttraumatic growth (PTG) and posttraumatic depreciation (PTD) across ten countries: Global validation of the PTG-PTD theoretical model

This study examined the relationships between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and depreciation (PTD) across 10 countries assessed factorial invariance of standardized inventory assessing PTG PTD, PTGDI-X, expansion PTGI-X (Tedeschi et al., 2017). We also investigated roles social cognitive factors in PTD. Data were collected from participants who identified that their most stressful life experience met definition trauma Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, Nepal, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Turkey, US. The completed PTGDI-X inventories measuring stress disorder symptoms, predictor variables such as reexamination core beliefs, centrality event, rumination, disclosures. Results universal aspects equivalence factor loadings impact positive/negative disclosure on revealed culture-specific aspects, including different patterns predictors for current offered insight that, first time using international data, positive negative post-trauma changes are not likely to be opposing ends one dimension, it is essential use better understand both post-traumatic experiences.